Dataset contains information about 242 US House elections in which incumbents other than freshmen faced major party challengers. These elections occurred in November of 1990. Details of the study are reported in Green, Donald Philip and Jonathan S. Krasno. 1988. Salvation for the Spendthrift Incumbent: Reestimating the Effects of Campaign Spending in House Elections. American Journal of Political Science. 32: 884-907. Green, Donald Philip and Jonathan S. Krasno. 1990. Rebuttal to Jacobson's ``New Evidence for Old Arguments." American Journal of Political Science. 34: 363-372. For a more accessible introduction to the policy issues at stake, see Krasno, Jonathan S. and Donald Philip Green. 1993. The Case for Campaign Spending Limits. Brookings Review 11 (2): 16-21. cpq yr cvote cps ie ce iet1 close 1 90 29.5 31.8 238466 58952 362439 1 4 90 48.1 47.8 564759 164732 691520 2 3 90 33.9 26.7 0 0 109966 1 1 90 43.4 29.3 225149 9353 352938 2 0 90 35.2 32.2 250642 0 479870 1 1 90 29.5 25.3 105354 15730 175780 1 1 90 27.6 30.8 480853 511 629451 1 4 90 50.8 31.1 413213 251662 277964 3 1 90 32.9 39.6 515020 5951 769210 1 1 90 36.6 50 734005 4628 705112 1 1 90 22.8 20.1 440973 154858 1986567 1 1 90 31.9 26.6 655402 32724 388262 1 1 90 39.5 31.6 448026 47912 297955 1 1 90 38.7 31.9 840029 0 1296842 1 1 90 41.6 27 300996 210089 453236 2 3 90 30.4 25.6 620782 97030 297539 1 1 90 38.1 30.8 644962 624 575928 1 4 90 22.9 21.4 272710 23849 278579 1 2 90 54.5 28.5 622184 538354 228171 3 2 90 44.9 49.1 658365 241815 1623624 2 1 90 36.6 27.6 496845 690 363607 1 1 90 36.8 29.5 449668 13147 513702 1 1 90 36.2 27.2 400109 40303 259352 1 1 90 35.6 34.3 201404 360389 155097 1 1 90 27.1 24.7 287505 1830 211233 1 1 90 36.3 29.7 450401 82453 451793 1 1 90 39 30.5 587961 146206 440051 1 1 90 23.4 20.7 113669 3799 126433 1 1 90 38.9 37.8 186130 72867 508527 1 4 90 32.9 26.3 418232 0 531906 1 3 90 38.5 30.7 462503 7579 504981 1 1 90 33 27.5 172451 29177 205546 1 1 90 39.3 35.6 217810 75123 250716 1 0 90 35.2 28.2 211940 2371 372947 1 5 90 47.3 44 822686 538156 588318 2 3 90 47.4 34 602444 624560 135614 2 1 90 41.9 37.4 1445577 0 1938505 2 1 90 32 23.5 627842 0 276814 1 3 90 47 32 575637 72261 449356 2 2 90 50.8 37.9 744463 534167 530670 3 1 90 36.3 30.1 521500 161266 240123 1 2 90 39.3 37.3 396017 49080 796698 1 1 90 28.6 22 335760 26917 540446 1 1 90 31.1 24.9 111435 15288 202285 1 1 90 35.5 36.1 280103 2958 702369 1 1 90 28.6 22.8 406138 0 520569 1 1 90 40.3 36.4 464500 112881 803623 2 1 90 23.4 27.4 395892 90634 745287 1 4 90 25.6 33.4 556718 22211 440904 1 1 90 33.3 32.5 521336 49770 410409 1 1 90 47.8 33.1 158280 182229 232878 2 1 90 38 27.6 500117 160220 372706 1 1 90 28.8 33 399035 10130 372101 1 1 90 27 38.3 296470 0 406791 1 1 90 24.4 21.8 108118 7755 112100 1 3 90 49.7 41.1 1538945 333873 925934 2 1 90 39.9 35.2 480886 18692 422038 1 1 90 44.2 37.1 318247 134772 447164 2 1 90 41.7 36 937464 154326 213208 2 1 90 36.4 34.8 406219 141681 554300 1 1 90 6.2 4 125509 42901 173223 1 1 90 21.8 17.3 190685 0 267706 1 4 90 29.1 37.8 541279 0 616333 1 1 90 31.8 38.7 171746 42218 182319 1 1 90 33.3 26.3 270435 1055 310477 1 3 90 28.8 33.3 839106 15164 135682 1 1 90 31.2 27.5 313498 0 234744 1 6 90 45.4 35.5 855952 41259 264030 2 2 90 34.2 29.8 271913 0 319266 1 1 90 33.1 26.3 312555 0 382851 1 1 90 33.5 35.1 390401 115495 520241 1 1 90 32.8 35.8 258093 3581 213298 1 1 90 33.8 31.1 209360 44861 277804 1 3 90 34 47.4 380559 26230 1221281 1 5 90 34 22.9 299280 0 156608 1 3 90 40.6 46.8 773178 332880 490642 2 2 90 50.9 45.7 745145 473055 1197995 3 1 90 46.9 43.7 652280 781224 760751 2 1 90 36.5 27.1 311727 41180 368430 1 0 90 42.4 38.2 228556 0 180261 2 1 90 45.3 38.2 446040 146961 608838 2 1 90 31 29.3 392606 0 368689 1 1 90 33.6 39.5 14816 13201 39508 1 1 90 32 36.1 418134 131599 464486 1 1 90 28.2 35.6 322563 175951 577511 1 1 90 37.2 26.7 504861 84568 429308 1 1 90 39.9 26.4 209986 76007 258980 1 1 90 29.2 36 355581 4317 602514 1 1 90 34 39.4 6766 144315 9601 1 2 90 39.4 30.3 333885 327390 410060 1 1 90 30.7 25.8 563409 76580 517632 1 4 90 49.2 41.3 344561 172257 454516 2 5 90 49 33.8 306289 228344 223358 2 3 90 56.8 49.6 771809 264932 755361 3 1 90 25.6 28.5 730852 0 864207 1 1 90 30.3 27.1 363847 4234 391590 1 1 90 41.1 31.7 560909 41129 662269 2 1 90 19.3 21.4 716469 8709 459470 1 1 90 34.7 31.8 325997 3557 235764 1 1 90 23.2 37.3 353959 0 907018 1 1 90 34.5 29.7 718160 31903 378779 1 5 90 47.9 15.9 861333 236851 380856 2 1 90 34.9 30.3 333912 19771 372268 1 1 90 23.9 19.6 832815 0 1595555 1 1 90 46.6 33.3 620387 41129 260484 2 1 90 8.7 7.9 288906 545 137805 1 1 90 34.1 45 135801 9573 967964 1 1 90 42.1 42.7 815244 274106 663438 2 1 90 42.2 29.2 503164 78392 357507 2 1 90 24.6 27.4 241151 0 341617 1 1 90 31.6 23.8 222531 6382 166256 1 4 90 31.4 27.9 176479 433 141754 1 1 90 45.2 30.2 452960 22155 497684 2 4 90 38.7 31.6 325232 4072 751624 1 4 90 34.2 45.9 1188905 295184 479357 1 1 90 34 36.7 187545 1068 151866 1 1 90 37.4 35.3 354964 42834 258816 1 1 90 30.3 28.9 271072 0 257697 1 1 90 33.6 22.8 78205 97203 85122 1 1 90 21.9 29.6 197442 0 182178 1 1 90 38.1 42.2 670684 17778 688649 1 1 90 35.1 27 265699 57415 238654 1 1 90 27.1 25.8 321644 9497 310726 1 1 90 35.4 34.5 378087 16219 353762 1 6 90 53.6 45.4 487224 242864 765546 3 1 90 27.1 25.5 229262 16681 174213 1 1 90 35.1 21.8 96254 14750 64440 1 1 90 15.9 34.7 365825 0 978740 1 1 90 39.1 27.4 196909 12666 176309 1 2 90 50 33 670758 340390 765145 3 4 90 43.2 36.6 1455794 82077 565475 2 1 90 38.2 28.2 306485 7137 301741 1 1 90 37.9 28.8 245132 0 265648 1 1 90 48.1 40.7 315922 22428 376844 2 3 90 42.7 41.9 704447 246959 848746 2 1 90 42.5 32.1 238679 0 232768 2 2 90 38.9 39.2 345258 90238 407913 1 1 90 37 44.5 310981 22129 420545 1 1 90 35.3 33 223898 65064 244569 1 1 90 35.9 34.5 705037 149778 720028 1 5 90 36.5 41.5 441075 41287 678798 1 1 90 35.3 33.7 292826 55772 279117 1 1 90 22.9 23.8 443540 0 442213 1 1 90 47.7 38.4 147925 8887 136480 2 1 90 23.7 25.4 405355 0 408907 1 1 90 41.9 32.5 495219 34513 444977 2 1 90 33.3 29.5 694735 105031 541789 1 4 90 40.4 30.5 730989 203147 454428 2 1 90 30.7 31.3 299807 0 408014 1 1 90 25.5 26.9 420907 20902 295467 1 1 90 38.1 49.2 638635 45544 811022 1 1 90 44.7 41.5 458759 184513 401952 2 1 90 34.2 28.3 398706 0 481686 1 1 90 42.8 33.8 618882 291412 372922 2 1 90 19.6 18.5 93863 0 96190 1 1 90 19.6 25.3 517794 0 623630 1 1 90 38.7 37.5 458486 19403 665648 1 1 90 16.1 15.6 112722 431513 188306 1 1 90 25.5 23.9 411614 729 306559 1 5 90 27.9 27.4 497635 3473 453806 1 2 90 31.9 27.6 240615 95100 234768 1 1 90 28.1 27.9 186967 0 144179 1 1 90 41 41 322216 24712 1052749 2 1 90 36.4 27.3 145079 231 147647 1 1 90 35.2 34.8 111622 20463 90690 1 2 90 41.9 42 793291 890838 1111332 2 2 90 40.9 47.4 647331 174574 834751 2 1 90 33.4 37.5 572846 33135 814849 1 1 90 34.4 32.7 153315 21131 204283 1 3 90 45 48.5 656383 300893 642404 2 1 90 38 34.1 385183 0 492221 1 1 90 38.2 39 302006 37846 333645 1 6 90 50.7 49.6 499869 523867 545478 3 2 90 34.8 28.4 504800 284855 825344 1 1 90 35.6 27.7 124331 5350 138753 1 0 90 28.8 25.7 196934 11171 976768 1 1 90 22.3 18.7 211524 200 269409 1 1 90 36.8 28.4 75367 0 109569 1 3 90 34.3 38.5 453883 72686 619421 1 1 90 28 21 278977 47815 388075 1 1 90 39.5 30.2 348032 124483 174026 1 3 90 40.4 25.3 264793 3021 462582 2 1 90 40.8 25.2 242592 15977 234007 2 1 90 41.1 21.4 156205 68021 104319 2 1 90 22.3 22.8 79064 1700 105987 1 2 90 25.7 23.4 94754 0 95011 1 1 90 35.2 29.5 229857 9508 249599 1 1 90 26.7 17.4 284053 0 864631 1 1 90 20 14.3 198984 0 191582 1 5 90 44 47.4 612116 406280 534982 2 1 90 38.7 35.1 631839 62793 396010 1 4 90 30.4 27.8 373414 6277 376740 1 1 90 20 26.9 157414 0 338486 1 3 90 32.5 30.4 445342 2024 598615 1 1 90 32 37.3 284700 0 376070 1 5 90 55.1 49.8 884828 843297 617816 3 1 90 20.6 23.7 234057 5969 263058 1 1 90 7.9 6.3 814125 506 729143 1 1 90 40 36.8 277011 74417 276530 2 1 90 44.1 29.7 132920 8837 100144 2 1 90 40.3 21.8 672705 26396 490402 2 1 90 43 36.4 191152 71317 134064 2 1 90 34.7 32.2 480165 109618 560125 1 2 90 43.4 42.2 826742 142957 1245104 2 1 90 39.7 33.4 235766 39173 248855 1 1 90 28.2 21.4 130904 0 89126 1 3 90 39.4 42.5 577790 102312 830575 1 1 90 33.9 26 98284 0 101513 1 2 90 51.4 37.2 717124 251496 354466 3 1 90 36.7 27.6 191739 3258 202402 1 1 90 40.6 37.5 338431 6765 371689 2 1 90 34.5 36.2 99261 14040 131047 1 2 90 41.9 45.9 907904 74264 708138 2 5 90 38.5 47.8 485095 144353 1262260 1 4 90 32.4 28.3 463625 211617 697844 1 1 90 42.6 42.6 234107 1414 682463 2 1 90 30.4 23.5 367090 8996 501598 1 1 90 38 19.9 451944 0 339652 1 0 90 34.6 18.4 284282 0 402220 1 1 90 39 37.8 463377 408677 608979 1 4 90 38.8 38.6 1034446 453165 713425 1 1 90 33.3 32.4 458346 6568 722303 1 2 90 28.8 31.7 297153 0 398826 1 1 90 36.5 34.2 236046 22428 206781 1 1 90 29.6 30.7 198305 14303 347653 1 2 90 45.6 40.2 237357 133084 471300 2 4 90 40.9 41.7 1088929 490726 746825 2 2 90 49 26.7 549818 102092 314311 2 5 90 53.7 37.7 982157 883216 760695 3 1 90 35.6 31.9 511853 93659 837235 1 4 90 48 44.6 912969 351660 1458407 2 0 90 29.3 25.5 49935 0 214734 1 1 90 31.2 23.6 457754 5006 732259 1 1 90 38.6 32.4 565257 7598 318137 1 1 90 43.8 29.1 451296 33817 331253 2 1 90 32.9 25.5 206688 34077 113882 1 3 90 48 38.7 566348 61471 168107 2 2 90 53.2 41.5 371928 178129 486394 3 1 90 39 31.6 341458 57576 397220 1 1 90 28.7 35.8 515159 21348 1411493 1 4 90 37.9 37.7 467346 10683 497590 1 6 90 46.5 30.3 499968 274112 251517 2